According to the Guidance Hypothesis, how should feedback be scheduled?

• A. Given after every trial for best results
• B. Modulated to avoid dependence
• C. Never provided
• D. Focused only on intrinsic cues

Answer: (B)

Feedback timing under the Guidance Hypothesis is about providing augmented feedback in a way that supports learning without making the learner rely on it for every attempt. If feedback is given after every trial, learners tend to depend on it and don’t develop their own internal error-detection and correction skills, which hurts retention and transfer. Instead, feedback should be modulated—faded, delayed, or given intermittently—so the learner uses their own sensory cues and intrinsic feedback to improve. This approach helps build autonomous performance while still guiding improvement when it's most needed. The other options don’t fit because giving feedback after every trial fosters dependence, never providing feedback withholds necessary guidance, and focusing only on intrinsic cues ignores the value of well-timed augmented information.